PAL — Sorghum bicolor

Summary

SbPAL (SORBI_3006G148900) on sorghum chromosome 6 encodes a phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (EC 4.3.1.24) with tyrosine ammonia-lyase activity, ammonia-lyase activity, amino acid binding, protein dimerization activity, and DNA-binding transcription factor activity. The gene is associated with phenylpropanoid, lignin, salicylic acid, and cinnamic acid biosynthesis, as well as salicylic acid and lignin breakdown, alkaloid metabolism, and regulation of phenylpropanoid metabolism. It has been linked to drought recovery, UV-B response, low humidity response, guard cell fate commitment, and negative regulation of cytokinin signalling. Associations also include photosynthetic rate, IAA content, UV light sensitivity, and responses to copper stress, magnetic fields, pathogens, salt stress, and freezing. The protein localises to the cytosol, cytoplasm, nucleus, and SCF complex. Studies of related genes in other species connect the family to traits including stem strength, forage yield, aluminium tolerance, and resistance to fall armyworm, sheath blight, and root-knot nematode.