CHS — Phaseolus vulgaris

Summary

PHAVU_001G067950 (PvCHS) on chromosome 1 of French bean encodes a chalcone synthase, a type III polyketide synthase with chalcone/stilbene synthase domains. The gene product exhibits naringenin-chalcone synthase, chalcone isomerase, dihydroflavanol 4-reductase, flavanone 4-reductase, flavonol synthase, and SUMO transferase activities. PvCHS is associated with chalcone, polyketide, flavonoid, anthocyanin, isoflavonoid, and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, as well as auxin polar transport, response to UV-B, gravity, oxidative stress, and heat acclimation. The protein localizes to the cytosol, nucleus, endoplasmic reticulum, and tonoplast. PvCHS is linked to seed coat color and pigmentation, anthocyanin content, drought and salt stress tolerance, root and stamen morphology, flowering time, root-knot nematode resistance, and nitrogen recycling. Studies of related genes in other species connect the family to flavonoid production, UV-B sensitivity, male fertility, and circadian regulation.