CHS — Oryza sativa Japonica

Summary

OsCHS (OS07G0271500) on rice chromosome 7 encodes a type III polyketide synthase with chalcone/stilbene synthase domains, exhibiting naringenin-chalcone synthase, flavonol synthase, and multiple other enzyme activities. The gene is associated with chalcone, polyketide, flavonol, and anthocyanin biosynthesis, as well as serotonin and triterpenoid metabolism. It is linked to pigmentation, pollen wall assembly, response to UV and gravity, auxin polar transport, and regulation of phenylpropanoid metabolism. Associations with agronomic traits include grain weight, seed coat color, leaf color, chlorophyll content, starch and monosaccharide content, root length, germination rate, flowering time, and tolerance to drought, heat, salt, and oxidative stress. The gene is also connected to male sterility, pollen exine development, and lignin content. Studies of related genes in other species link the family to flavonoid biosynthesis, seed coat pigmentation, and UV-B sensitivity.