P5CS1 — Oryza sativa Japonica

Summary

OsP5CS (OS05G0455500) encodes a bifunctional enzyme with glutamate 5-kinase and glutamylphosphate reductase activities (EC 2.7.2.11 and 1.2.1.41), conferring D1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase activity and is associated with L-proline biosynthesis. In rice, this gene is associated with proline metabolism, response to desiccation, hyperosmotic salinity response, and detoxification, and has been linked to salt stress tolerance, drought response, and oxidative stress resistance. It is also associated with ABA, seed germination, seedling development, and the transition from vegetative to reproductive phase. Associations extend to grain yield, grain weight, grain length, grain size, plant height, stem diameter, leaf relative water content, chlorophyll content, photosynthetic rate, submergence tolerance, and salinity tolerance. The protein localises to the cytoplasm, mitochondria, Golgi complex, and plasmodesmata. Studies of related genes in other species link the family to osmotic stress tolerance, drought resistance, and root elongation.