CHS — Oryza sativa Japonica

Summary

OsCHS (OS01G0602600) on rice chromosome 1 encodes a protein with chalcone/stilbene synthase and type III polyketide synthase domains, annotated with naringenin-chalcone synthase, chalcone isomerase, flavonol synthase, and dihydroflavonol 4-reductase activities. The gene is associated with chalcone, polyketide, flavonol, and anthocyanin biosynthesis, as well as pigmentation, pollen wall assembly, and responses to UV light and gravity. It has been linked to traits including seed coat color, anthocyanin content, grain weight, root length, chlorophyll content, starch content, lignin content, drought tolerance, heat tolerance, salt stress tolerance, germination rate, flowering time, and leaf color. Localization evidence connects the product to the cytosol, nucleus, endoplasmic reticulum, and tonoplast. Studies of related genes in other species link the family to pollen exine development, male fertility, and flavonoid production.