GCS1 — Oryza sativa Indica Group

Summary

BGIOSGA019516 (GCS1, also known as HAP2) on chromosome 5 of Indica rice encodes a HAP2/GCS1 domain-containing protein with lipid-binding molecular function. The gene is associated with double fertilization, specifically fusion of sperm to egg plasma membrane during both single and double fertilization, as well as pollen tube guidance, pollen sperm cell differentiation, protein-membrane insertion, demethylation, diterpenoid anabolism, MAPK cascade, and NO storage. It localizes to cell projection, cytoplasmic vesicle, ER, and plasma membranes, and extracellularly. The gene has been connected to grain size, weight, length, width, and yield, floury endosperm, amino acid content, shoot dry weight, cold tolerance, anthesis time, plant height, starch, sugar, and sucrose content, and defective pollen tube targeting and fertilization. Related genes in other species are linked to male gametophyte transmission and pollen tube guidance defects.