MS1 — Lactuca sativa

Summary

LsMS1 (MS1) on lettuce chromosome 1 encodes a cobalamin-independent methionine synthase, a protein with domains characteristic of the MetE family, and also carries ADP-glucose pyrophosphatase, NAD+ diphosphatase, and DNA-binding transcription factor activities. The gene is associated with de novo L-methionine biosynthesis, regulation of starch biosynthesis, DNA methylation-dependent heterochromatin assembly, and responses to ozone, oxidative stress, hypoxia, bacteria, and insects. It is linked to induced systemic resistance, defense response via callose deposition, and innate immune signaling. Traits connected to MS1 include whole plant size, seed growth and development, root morphology, disease tolerance, and insect damage response. The gene has been associated with male sterility, pollen exine development, and anther development. Related genes in other species link the family to chromatin silencing, plant defense activation, reactive oxygen species accumulation, and programmed cell death.