ADH — Hordeum vulgare subsp. vulgare

Summary

HORVU.MOREX.R3.1HG0010530 (HvADH) on barley chromosome 1H encodes an alcohol dehydrogenase with S-nitrosoglutathione reductase (NADH) and S-(hydroxymethyl)glutathione dehydrogenase activities, also classified as EC 1.1.1.1. The protein contains ADH_Zn_CS and ADH-like domains, binds zinc and calcium, and localises to the cytosol, plastid, mitochondria, nucleus and plasmalemma. HvADH is associated with ethanol fermentation, hypoxia response, methanal metabolism, pyruvate metabolism and cellular respiration. It has been linked to grain yield, grain dry weight, seed size, protein content, germination rate, photosynthetic rate, leaf senescence, drought tolerance, low temperature stress response, disease tolerance, herbicide sensitivity, submergence tolerance, waterlogging tolerance, salt stress response and root growth. Studies of related genes in other species connect the family to nitric oxide signalling, systemic acquired resistance, formaldehyde detoxification and freezing tolerance.