CHS — Cicer arietinum

Summary

LOC101503025 (CaCHS) on chickpea chromosome 8 encodes a chalcone synthase, a type-III polyketide synthase with chalcone/stilbene synthase domains and thiolase-like fold. The enzyme exhibits naringenin-chalcone synthase, chalcone isomerase, dihydroflavanol 4-reductase, flavanone 4-reductase, flavonol synthase, and SUMO transferase activities. CaCHS is associated with flavonoid, anthocyanin, and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, phytoalexin production, auxin polar transport, response to UV and gravity, nitrogen fixation, and sporulation. The protein localises to the cytosol, nucleus, endoplasmic reticulum, and tonoplast. Trait associations include seed coat color, anthocyanin content, amylose and fructose content, drought tolerance, salt stress tolerance, root-knot nematode resistance, flowering time, stomatal opening, and leaf relative water content. Studies of related genes in other species link the family to flavonoid production, UV-B sensitivity, male fertility, and defense responses.