PSY — Capsicum annuum

Summary

CaPSY (T459_01678) on pepper chromosome 1 encodes a phytoene synthase (EC 2.5.1.32) with squalene synthase, dimethylallyltransferase and farnesyltranstransferase activities, belonging to the trans-isoprenyl diphosphate synthase family. The gene is associated with carotenoid, capsanthin and isoprenoid anabolism, pigment accumulation, chromoplast organization, de-etiolation, stress response, and sucrose and phenylpropanoid metabolism. It localizes to plastids, chloroplast membranes, chromoplast stroma, etioplasts, mitochondria, cytosol and nucleus. Associations include fruit carotenoid content and color, abscisic acid synthesis, drought tolerance, photosynthetic rate, chlorophyll content, flowering time, respiration rate, ethylene sensitivity, cell elongation, and embryo development. Studies of related genes in other species link the phytoene synthase family to fruit pigmentation, lycopene accumulation, cold and salt stress tolerance, thermotolerance, virus resistance, and seed germination.