PAD3 — Camelina sativa

Summary

CsPAD3 (CSA14G055920) on Camelina sativa chromosome 14 encodes a cytochrome P450 family protein with dihydrocamalexic acid decarboxylase, costunolide synthase, and 4-hydroxyphenylacetaldehyde oxime monooxygenase activities. The gene is associated with camalexin and indole phytoalexin biosynthesis, dhurrin and sesquiterpene production, and regulation of systemic acquired resistance. It has been linked to defence responses against fungi, bacteria, and insects, including resistance to Leptosphaeria maculans, Alternaria brassicicola, downy mildew, powdery mildew, and clubroot. Associations also include aphid resistance, hypersensitive response, phytoalexin production, zinc stress tolerance, fruit ripening, and responses to abscisic acid and thirst. The protein localises to the endoplasmic reticulum membrane, plasmodesmata, and extracellular space. Related genes in other species are linked to camalexin accumulation and resistance to Botrytis cinerea and Alternaria brassicicola.