PAL1 — Brassica oleracea var. botrytis

Summary

BoPAL1, located on chromosome 4 of cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis), encodes a phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, an enzyme with ammonia-lyase activity. The gene is associated with biological processes including lignin anabolism, anthocyanin biosynthesis, flavonoid biosynthesis, salicylic acid biosynthesis, cinnamic acid anabolism, response to UV-B, response to wounding, response to oxidative stress, and drought recovery. It is linked to traits such as photosynthetic rate, freezing tolerance, salt stress tolerance, disease resistance (including resistance to Cucumber mosaic virus), and herbicide resistance. The encoded protein localises to the cytosol and cytoplasm and is also associated with macroautophagy, programmed cell death, and negative regulation of cytokinin-mediated signalling. Studies of related genes in other species connect the family to phenylalanine metabolism, UV stress resistance, and herbivore defence.