ALS — Brassica oleracea

Summary

BoALS (BOLC102_C01P033960.1) on cabbage chromosome 1 encodes an acetolactate synthase, a thiamine pyrophosphate-dependent enzyme that also exhibits 2-hydroxyacyl-CoA lyase and pyruvate decarboxylase activities. The protein localises to the chloroplast stroma as part of the acetolactate synthase complex. BoALS is associated with branched-chain amino acid biosynthesis, particularly valine anabolism, and with fatty acid alpha-oxidation. It is linked to responses to nutrient availability and herbicides, as well as to seed development. Trait associations include oleic acid content, photosynthetic rate, seed weight, and plant height. A specific G121A variant is associated with herbicide tolerance. Studies of related genes in other species link the ALS family to resistance to imidazolinone and sulfonylurea herbicides, and to traits such as carbohydrate, starch, and protein content, as well as heterosis and plant growth.