TT19 — Brassica napus

Summary

BnTT19 (TT19, BnGSTF12) on chromosome C09 of oilseed rape encodes a glutathione S-transferase (GST) of the Phi class, possessing glutathione transferase activity, cation and glutathione binding, and protein homodimerization activity. The gene is associated with anthocyanin breakdown and metabolism, regulation of anthocyanin and flavonol biosynthetic processes, and secondary, phenylpropanoid, flavonoid, and glutathione metabolism. It is linked to responses to xenobiotic stimuli, herbicides, hydrogen peroxide, and AOS, as well as to leaf formation, sucrose metabolism, and hormone anabolism. The encoded protein localizes to the tonoplast, cytoplasm, and nucleus. Associations with seed color, leaf color, lignin content, anthocyanin content, and seed dormancy have been noted, along with phenotypes including anthocyanin and proanthocyanidin accumulation, flavonol content, and anthocyanin transport. Studies of related genes in other species link the family to seed coat pigmentation, anthocyanin biosynthesis, and UV-B tolerance.