HMA4 — Brassica napus

Summary

BnHMA4 (DARMORV10_A06P32960.1) on chromosome A06 of oilseed rape encodes a P-type ATPase of the IB subfamily with heavy-metal-associated (HMA) domains, annotated as a P-type divalent copper, monovalent copper, zinc, cadmium, calcium, potassium:proton, and sodium transporter. It is associated with detoxification of copper ions, copper and zinc ion homeostasis, response to cobalt, cadmium, and toxic substances, potassium export, pollen germination, brassinosteroid-mediated signalling, and membrane transport. The gene is linked to vacuolar, Golgi, mitochondrial, and plasma membranes, as well as plasmodesmata and cytosol. Associations include photosynthetic rate, germination rate, nitrate uptake, stomatal resistance, leaf composition, seedling growth, cadmium tolerance and translocation, fungal resistance, zinc concentration gradient, leaf zinc concentration, and cadmium sensitivity. Studies of related genes in other species link the family to zinc and cadmium translocation, accumulation, homeostasis, seed zinc content, and heavy metal tolerance.