C4H — Brassica juncea

Summary

BjC4H (BJUB08G46770S) on Indian mustard chromosome B08 encodes a cytochrome P450 enzyme with trans-cinnamate 4-monooxygenase activity. The encoded protein belongs to the cytochrome P450 superfamily and binds iron and heme. In B. juncea, BjC4H is associated with lignin metabolism, phenylpropanoid metabolism, anthocyanin and flavonoid anabolism, ubiquinone anabolism, leaf formation, pigmentation, pollen development, and responses to wounding and light. It has been linked to seed color, leaf color, and anthocyanin content. The gene product localizes to the endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi, plasmodesmata, plasma membrane, nucleus, vacuole, cell wall, and extracellular space. Studies of related genes in other species connect the family to lignification, dwarfism, male sterility, altered phenylpropanoid metabolism, and abiotic stress adaptation. Sequence similarity further links the family to traits including stem strength, flower color, seed coat color, plant height, drought tolerance, and UV-B sensitivity.