CAT1 — Brassica juncea

Summary

BJUB04G24800S (CAT1, also known as BjCAT3, SEN2, ROG1) on Indian mustard chromosome B04 encodes a catalase family protein containing the catalase haem-binding and core domains. The enzyme exhibits multiple annotated molecular functions including S-nitrosylase, nucleoside diphosphate kinase, histone acetyltransferase, and DNA-binding transcription factor activities, and is associated with heme and metal binding. The gene is associated with hydrogen peroxide catabolism, cellular responses to hydrogen peroxide and superoxide, regulation of programmed cell death, systemic acquired resistance, aerenchyma formation, and ethylene signaling. It is linked to agronomically important traits including biomass yield, seed yield, photosynthetic rate, water use efficiency, root length and thickness, leaf chlorosis, disease tolerance, salt tolerance, and low-temperature stress response. Localisation evidence places the product in the peroxisomal lumen, chloroplast envelope, tonoplast, and apoplast. Studies of related genes in other species link the family to catalase activity, stress response, and cell death regulation.