HMA2 — Brassica juncea

Summary

BJUA06G14060S (BjHMA4, also known as HMA2) on Indian mustard chromosome A06 encodes a P-type ATPase of the IB subfamily, annotated with P-type divalent copper transporter activity, cadmium exporting ATPase activity, and zinc ion transmembrane transporter activity. The gene is associated with response to cadmium, cobalt ion, and toxic substances, as well as copper ion detoxification and homeostasis, cellular zinc ion homeostasis, and proton export across the plasma membrane. It is linked to cadmium tolerance and translocation, zinc resistance and concentration gradients, leaf zinc concentration, and fungal resistance. Associations also include photosynthetic rate, chlorophyll content, nitrate uptake, and seedling growth and development traits. The product localises to the vacuolar membrane, Golgi membrane, plasmodesma, and plasma membrane. Studies of related genes in other species connect the family to zinc and cadmium translocation, metal homeostasis, and seed zinc content.